50 articles - From Friday Sep 20 2024 to Friday Sep 27 2024
Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Am J Clin Nutr |
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The effects of chicory inulin-type fructans supplementation on weight management outcomes: systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials. Chicory ITF supplementation may benefit weight management by reducing body weight, BMI, fat mass, waist circumference, and to a certain extent body fat percentage. Prospero registration number CRD42020184908. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Safety of Rotavirus Vaccination in Infants That Were Exposed to Biologics In Utero: A Systematic Review. Administration of the live rotavirus vaccine appears to be safe in biologic-exposed infants. As such, with careful examination of the risks and benefits, there may be a role for rotavirus vaccination in this population. |
| Pancreas |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Am J Clin Nutr |
|---|
Anthropometry relationship with duodenal histologic features of children with environmental enteric dysfunction: a multicenter cross-sectional study. This study contributes a crucial negative finding that duodenal morphological features did not associate with anthropometric phenotypes; hence, anthropometric measurements may not be a suitable outcome measure for use in EED trials. Trial outcomes may need to be defined by combining the functional and structural elements of the gut to monitor EED. |
Association between predicted level of water turnover deficit and all-cause and cause-specific mortalities among Japanese adults: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. This study showed an L-shaped association between water turnover and deficit and all-cause and CVD mortalities (especially coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke) in adults. These findings may be useful for setting the target values of water requirement, and differences between dietary requirements and actual intake may bridge the knowledge gap in water-mortality associations. |
Biomarker relationships with small bowel histopathology among malnourished children with environmental enteric dysfunction in a multicountry cohort study. Four commonly used markers of enteric dysfunction were associated with specific histologic features. One-hour urine collection may be insufficient to reflect small bowel permeability in LR testing. While acknowledging the challenges with obtaining relevant tissue, these findings form the basis for further EED biomarker validation research. |
Diet quality from early pregnancy through one year postpartum: a prospective cohort study. Stable total HEI mean scores suggest adherence to dietary guidelines was consistent throughout pregnancy and postpartum in this sample. While some sociodemographic characteristics may identify individuals at greater risk of diet-related pregnancy complications, low diet quality was pervasive throughout al subgroups and reflect an urgent need for widespread improvement. |
Dietary and lifestyle insulinemic potentials, plasma metabolome, and risk of diverticulitis: a prospective cohort study. Participants with dietary and lifestyle patterns corresponding to higher insulinemic potential had an increased risk of diverticulitis, which might be mediated by metabolomic profiles. |
Duodenal transcriptomics demonstrates signatures of tissue inflammation and immune cell infiltration in children with environmental enteric dysfunction across global centers. The transcriptome signatures of EED include specific innate and adaptive immune responses that are consistently elevated across study centers, coupled with reduced detoxification and antioxidant capacities. These data may have implications for targeted interventions to improve EED outcomes. |
Enteric pathogens relationship with small bowel histologic features of environmental enteric dysfunction in a multicountry cohort study. The detection of some enteropathogens in asymptomatic infections is associated with subsequent EED histopathology. These novel findings offer a basis for future EED etiology and pathogenesis studies. |
Folate and cobalamin status, indicators, modulators, interactions and reference ranges from early pregnancy until birth: The Reus-Tarragona Birth Cohort Study. Suboptimal early pregnancy folate or cobalamin status affected47.4% and 7.3% of the participants, respectively. The MTHFR 677TT genotype consistently predicted folate status throughout pregnancy. Smoking and BMI were negatively associated with cobalamin status throughout pregnancy. Clinical trial registry number and website where it was obtained NCT01778205. . |
Histopathology underlying environmental enteric dysfunction in a cohort study of undernourished children in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Zambia compared with United States children. This scoring system involving 5 histologic parameters demonstrates very high discrimination between EED and normal biopsies, indicating that this scoring system can be applied with confidence to studies of intestinal biopsies in EED. |
Multiplexed immunohistochemical evaluation of small bowel inflammatory and epithelial parameters in environmental enteric dysfunction. Our results support a model of chronic epithelial stress that decreases epithelial differentiation and absorptive function. The close association of several IHC parameters with manual histologic scoring suggests that automated digital quantification of IHC panels complements traditional histomorphologic assessment in EED. |
Pregnancy vitamin D supplementation and offspring bone mineral density in childhood Follow-up of a randomised controlled trial. and relevance Supplementation with cholecalciferol 1000 IU/day during pregnancy resulted in greater offspring BMD and lean mass in mid-childhood versus placebo in this exploratory post-hoc analysis. These findings suggest that pregnancy vitamin D supplementation may be an important population health strategy to improve bone health. |
Sex differences in clinical presentation, treatment response, and side effects of nutritional therapy among patients at nutritional risk A secondary analysis of the randomized clinical trial EFFORT. Results of this multicenter randomized trial suggest that multimorbid female inpatients, have a different clinical presentation and are more prone to loss of appetite and reduced daily dietary intake compared to male inpatients. Importantly, the favorable response to nutritional interventions was similar in both sexes. |
The Environmental Enteric Dysfunction Biopsy Initiative (EEDBI) Consortium: mucosal investigations of environmental enteric dysfunction. Here, we describe the Consortium and its cohorts and recruitment procedures across studies. We also offer details applicable to al papers in this supplement, which describe EED mucosal histology, morphometry, immunohistochemistry, and transcriptomics as well as histology relationship to pathogens and biomarkers. |
The impact of milk on gut permeability, fecal 16S rRNA gene microbiota profiling and fecal metabolomics in children with moderate malnutrition in Sierra Leone: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Abnormal intestinal permeability did not improve with 4 weeks of supplementary feeding. Fecal rRNA did not differ with consumption of different diets. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Evaluation of Crohn's Disease Activity: Validation of a Segmental Simple Ultrasound Score in a Multicenter Study. The validation of a simple IUS scoring system for CD, based on the sum of bowel wall thickness and color Doppler grade, has been established. This scoring system can effectively diagnose endoscopically active CD and identify cases of severe disease. |
Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes With Etrasimod Treatment in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: A Post Hoc Analysis of Data From ELEVATE UC 52 and ELEVATE UC 12. Etrasimod 2 mg QD demonstrated significant and clinically meaningful improvements across multiple HRQoL measures, including WPAI, vs placebo. Clinical trial registration |
Healthcare Utilization and Geographic Distribution of Advanced Therapy in Minority Race and Ethnic Groups With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Our data show an improved access to care pattern in Hispanic patients. However, disparities still exist, and this is evident in the healthcare utilization trends observed among non-Hispanic Black patients. |
Impact of Seton Use on Clinical, Patient-Reported, and Healthcare Resource Utilization Outcomes in Complex Crohn's Perianal Fistulas: A Systematic Literature Review. Optimal use of seton in patients with CPF remains unclear. International standardization of definitions for CPF and related clinical outcomes are required to permit data comparability and identify the most effective treatment strategies involving seton use in CPF. |
Intestinal Epithelial Tight Junction Barrier Regulation by Novel Pathways. We also provide a perspective on the context-specific outcomes of the TJ barrier modulation. The knowledge on the diverse TJ barrier regulatory mechanisms will provide further insights on the relevance of the TJ barrier defects and potential target molecules/pathways for IBD. |
Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Type Unclassified: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Scotland With up to 20 Years Follow-up Shows Reclassification in the Majority and Mild Course in Those Whose Diagnosis Is Unchanged. In our nationwide pediatric IBDU cohort, 60% of patients were reclassified to either UC or CD over 10.5 years of median follow-up; those who remained with IBDU had a milder disease course. |
Proactive Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Ustekinumab Is Associated With Increased Drug Persistence in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. This retrospective study showed that proactive TDM is associated with increased drug persistence and decreased IBD-related hospitalization in IBD patients treated with sc UST. |
Screen Failures and Causes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Randomized Controlled Trials: A Study of 16 913 Screened Patients. High SF proportion in IBD clinical trials, particularly for CD studies, pose obstacles to patient recruitment. While underlying causes are diverse, arbitrarily defined clinical and/or endoscopic eligibility criteria remain the major limiting factors. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Cancer characteristics, prognoses and mortality of colorectal cancer in patients with Crohn's disease - A Danish nationwide cohort study, 2009-2019. This nationwide study identified distinct features of colon and rectal cancer in patients with CD that have implications for the timing of diagnoses, disease course and mortality specifically in UICC stage III disease. |
Etrasimod Corticosteroid-Free Efficacy, Impact of Concomitant Corticosteroids on Efficacy and Safety, and Corticosteroid-Sparing Effect in UC: Analyses of the ELEVATE UC Clinical Programme. Etrasimod demonstrated efficacy in inducing and maintaining remission in both subgroups. CSfree remission was achieved in the CS subgroup. Safety was consistent, with no increase in infections. |
Outcomes of patients with prior biologic intolerance are better than those with biologic failure in clinical trials of inflammatory bowel disease. Improved treatment outcomes were generally observed in patients with biologic intolerance compared to failure, especially in UC, where outcomes were similar to biologic naïve patients. Future clinical trials should meticulously differentiate prior biologic failure versus intolerance to mitigate potential bias. |
Prolonged time to diagnosis of Crohn's disease in patients with perianal fistulas negatively affects long-term outcomes. A prolonged time to CD diagnosis in patients with a PAF as a manifesting sign is associated with worse long-term outcomes. Patients in whom radiological healing could be achieved had the shortest time to CD diagnosis, emphasizing the relevance of increased clinical awareness of underlying CD in fistula patients. |
The impact of group cognitive behavioral psychotherapy on disease severity and psychosocial functioning in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a randomized controlled study. Group cognitive behavioral therapy is proving to be an important component of holistic care for IBD patients, as it can significantly improve not only patients' psychosocial functioning but also their clinical course by inhibiting inflammation and reducing disease activity. |
| Liver Transpl |
Acceptable outcomes of liver transplantation in uninsured patients under the coverage of a state assistance program. In conclusion, there was no difference in outcomes after LT between insured and uninsured patients. A charity care program may be an effective tool to mitigate socio-economic disparities in both outcomes and access to LT. |
Core outcome sets and benchmarking complications: Defining best practices for standardized outcome reporting in liver transplantation. The Clavien scale and CCI® are specifically reviewed to enhance their utility in LT, and their use along with the COS is explored. We encourage future studies to employ this COS along with the Clavien-Dindo grading system & CCI® to improve reproducibility and generalizability of research concerning liver transplantation. |
Incidence and risk factors for chronic rejection in pediatric liver transplantation. While CR incidence in our pediatric cohort was lower than previously reported rates of ˃12%, the CR group had a higher graft failure rate that required re-transplantation and lower overall patient survival. Thus, identifying risk factors may warrant specialized immunosuppression protocols and closer post-transplantation monitoring to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality from CR. |
Porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder in surgical candidates for liver metastases: Prevalence, non-invasive diagnosis, and burden on surgical outcomes. PSVD is very common among patients undergoing liver surgery for metastases and it is associated with increased morbidity. LSM and SSM can correctly identify patients with PSVD and those at risk of clinically relevant post-operative complications. |
Prospective evaluation of cystatin C in the assessment of kidney dysfunction and survival in liver transplant candidates. Elevated CysC discriminates pre-LT RRT and SLKT, and is strongly associated with survival in contrast with sCr. CysC is a promising tool to improve prognostication among LT candidates. |
The rising cost of liver transplantation in the United States. We also propose comprehensive solutions at national, OPO, and local levels, including optimizing resource allocation, leveraging regional collaborations, and advocating for revised reimbursement models to curb escalating costs. Addressing these challenges is critical to ensuring the continued viability of LT programs and maintaining patient access to this life-saving intervention. |
Validation of the R3-AFP model for risk prediction of HCC recurrence after liver transplantation in the SiLVER randomized clinical trial. In conclusion, the R3-AFP score accurately predicted HCC recurrence using high-quality evidence-based data, exhibiting reduced performance under mTOR immunosuppression. This highlights the need for further research to evaluate surveillance schedules and adjuvant regimens. |
| Pancreatology |
Comparison between pancreatoblastoma (PB) and solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) in pediatric patients with enhanced CT. AFP, AER, age, calcification and pancreatic atrophy are robust CT and clinical features for differentiating pediatric PB from SPN. A combination of qualitative and quantitative CT features may provide good diagnostic accuracy in differentiating PB from SPN in children. |
Early selective enteral feeding in combination with active decompression of duodenum in treatment of moderate and severe acute pancreatitis - A proof-of-concept clinical study. PandiCath®, facilitating targeted enteral feeding while isolating and decompressing the duodenum, demonstrates promise in improving outcomes for AP patients at risk of severe complications. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and explore optimal timing and patient selection for this intervention. |
Efficiency evaluation of dual-energy CT to predict the postoperative early recurrence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. DECT quantitative parameters allow for the noninvasive prediction of postoperative ER in patients with PDAC, and the combination of DECT parameters and basic CT features shows a high prediction efficiency. Our model can help to identify patients with high-risk factors to guide preoperative decision making. |
Pancreatitis pain quality changes at year 1 follow-up, but GP130 remains a biomarker for pain. The positive association between TGFβ1 and pain is not maintained over time, suggesting it is a poor pain biomarker. However, serum GP130 is a consistent biomarker for mixed-type pain in CP. Preclinical studies show that targeting TGFβ1 or IL-6 (ligand for GP130) is sufficient to inhibit CP pain supporting further investigation of this as a potential therapeutic target. |
Prevalence and spectrum of germline pathogenic variants in cancer susceptibility genes among mexican patients with exocrine pancreatic cancer. We identified a significant frequency of actionable germline PVs in Mexicans with PC, wherein the majority were in a broad spectrum of genes associated with the homologous recombination DNA repair mechanism. Most pancreatic cancer associated PVs were detected in non-BRCA genes, so our findings support the recommendation of multigene panel testing for genetic cancer risk assessment of Mexican individuals with PC. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Am J Clin Nutr |
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| J Crohns Colitis |
| Pancreatology |
misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
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| Liver Transpl |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies